Gas-burner installation



Feb. 12, 1929.

G. KEITH GAS BURNER INSTALLATION 3 ets-Sheet 1 118d Jan. 27, 1927 rll'": w

Feb. 12, 1929. G. KEITH GAS BURNER INSTALLATION 3 Sheets-Sheet Filed Jan. 27, 1927 Feb. 12, 1929.

G KEITH GAS BURNER INSTALLATION rlled Jan 27 1 197 K gxeet -sheet d 7 c5 am a GM QWWM Patented Feb. 12, 1929.

UNITED STATES" PATENT OFFICE.

GEORGE KEITH, OF LONDON, ENGLAND, ASSIGNOR, BY MESNE ASSIGNMENTS, TO THE SURFACE COMBUSTION COMPANY, ING, OF NEW YORK, N. Y A CORPORATION OF NEW YORK.

GAS-BURNER INSTALLATION.

Application filed January 27, 1927, Serial No. 163,943, and in Great Britain February 5, 1926.

This invention relates to an improved system ofcontrolling a group of gas burners, e. g., an installation of burners for firing a bread or biscuit oven or a section of such an oven.

. The invention contemplates an arrangement in which the quality of'the mixture delivered by a number of injectors or the like is controlled by the pressure conditions set rangement. A single governor is installed,

to control the pressure of medium in one of the two lines, say the gas supply line, for each section of the oven. Manually operable means or thermostatically controlled means is provided for controlling the pressure in the other line, say the air supply line, such control being depended on to increase or diminish the total quantity of mixture delivered by the group ofinjectors.

Preferably, the injector and burner units are substantially similar, provision being made for compensating for minor differences so as to equalize the effects obtained from the several units.

For example, one injector might be more efficient than its fellows, so that under the same conditions of air'supply and gas supply it would tend to induce more gas (or air) than the others. To counteract this tendency, local adjustment or variable extra resistance may be provided in the gas supply or air supply for each injector. While manufacturing conditions may render it desirable that the injector and burner units be all of the same capacity, sameness of capacity is not essential.

To provide for turning off and on the individual units or sets of units as required -whereby to control the distribution of the heating effects, coupled or uncoupled cocks may be fitted to the air and gas lines, or in lieu thereof there ma bejused a doubleported plug cock in w ich the injector element may be embodied in an interchangeable fitting.

To avoid'the necessity for adjustment of each injector separately, say on the occasion of a change in the quality of gas, provision is made for variably loading the governor, in such wise as practically to exclude the possibility of overloading.

Suitably a small orifice is formed in the suction chamber .of the master injector from which is led a pipe having a branch taken to the body of the burner and a branch to the back of the governor. In the first branch is fitted a cock or obturator. -Depending on the position of the obturator the load on the back of the governor will vary between that due to the pressure in the suction chamber and that in the burner. It will thus be seen that if the obturator is adjusted while the flame issuing from the burner is observed the governor may be set to ensure the supply of the proper quality of mixture to all the burners.

For the event that it may be necessary to provide for greater diflerence in the loading of the governor than is realizable with the provision above set forth, the connection to the burner may be extended into the diffusion tube of the master injector so that 'when the obturator is open them will be communicated through the connection to the governor the pressure requisite to ensure the proper self-setting of the governor.

Again, when, as in'working with producer gas, it is found impracticable in certain cir cumstances to obtain suflicient loading pressure by extending the loading pipe into the diffusion tube of the master injector without interfering with the functioning of such injector, a connection may be taken directly from the air supply line. i

The. system above described offersiimportant advantages over systems previously practised. a v

Thus, it permits of convenient control of the total number of burners in u e and he quantity of .mixture consumed by these burners collectively or individually. I I

Further, the quality ofthe mixture delivered at the burners may be maintained .constant however many or few burners are in use, and whether the pressure in the air line is high or low, variation in the quality of the gas constituent being compensated for by adjustment of the obturator.

The system described ofi'ers the advantage over systems'in which the burners are fed ment.

with a'preformed mixtureth'at in the event of a burner lighting back only that burner is affected. V

With the low pressure demanded for the loading and output of the governor it is possible to fire the oven with low-pressure v gas, the air only beingunder pressure and "that pressure within the limits attainable by resortto a fan,it being alwaysunderstood however,'that, if sofldesired, the gas may be supplied under pressure and the air supplied at or slightly above atmospheric pressure.

In the'accompanying drawings Fig. 1 is a diagram illustrating the general arrangement of the system. Figs. 2 and 3 represent diagrammatically the arran ement of the connections between the two headers and an injector. Fig.1 4, showsdiagrammatically an arrangement for'variably loading the governor with pressure variations in the master injector and the burner system it serves.

Fig. 4 ,is' adetail view of a'modification.

Fig.-5shows a modified loading arrange- 6 is a diagram illustrating a variant inwhich the governor is loaded by a function of the variable pressures ofthe constituents prior to the admixture thereof.

Anair header A anda gas header B arearranged parallel to each other. A number of injectors C are clamped to these headers whereby to establish air and gas connections. In'the example illustrated each injector is arranged todeliver mixture to an individual burner D, D, it being understood, however,

that one injector may be contrived to serve more than one burner. A governor E comprising a diaphragm E operatively connected to a valve E controlling the gas in let'serves to control the pressure in the gas header. The governor E is variably loaded by a function of the pressure in a master injectorF, between which and the governor a connection isefiectedby a pipe G. Regulation of the pressure in the air header-A is effected-by manual adjustment of a valve H.

Fig. 2' shows an arrangement including cocks K and L servin to cut ofi the air and gas supplies to the in ector when the unit in' question is out of operation.

' The cocks K, L are connected by a link,

shown in dotted lines, whereby they may be '0 floperated simultaneously, orthe cocks may 5 be independently operable. In certain cases, it is sutficient in practice to, provide a cock in the gas line-and to leave the air blowing. An may be provi ed.

Fig. 3 shows a double ported cock K L equivalent to the two cocks K and L- and other form of cut-off device contrived to cut off the supplies of gas and air simultaneously. I

I M denotes a local. resistance by adjustment of which the injected in eac injector may be regulated whereby to counteract any irregularity in performance of the injector due'to local peculiarities of form or friction, alternately, thisreslstance may be introduced in -the branch supplying the injecting medium.

It is to be understood that in the arrangements described and shown it is immaterial which of the two headers is an air header and which agas header.

roportions of the mixture f Formed in' the suction chambr of the master injector, shown in Fig. lfis a small orifice N from which is led a connection comprising a ipe Q taken to the body of the burner an a pipe G taken to the back of the governor. P denotes a cook, or obturator, by adjustment of which the pressure in the pipe G may be set to be between that in the burner D and-that in the suction chamber of the injector. Should it.

be necessary to provide for a greater difference in theloading of the governor than is realizable with this provision, a tube Q,

shown dotted, may be extended into the diffusion tube of the master injector so that advantage may be taken of the velocity head of-the mixture issuing from the injector.

Fig. 5 shows a modified loading arrangement whichis useful where the proportion of gas to air is larger than usuallyobtains in the employment of coal gas, s, for instance, .when the producer gas is employed,

and when it is desirable to have a greater pressure of gasin the header B tha n is possible to obtain in the loading system shown in Fig. 4. In this case, the pipe 0 leading to the burner is dispensed with and a branch R connected to the air header A. is ,sub-

stituted. This branch R is controlledv by' Fig. 6 illustrates diagrammatically a Va riant in which the governor is variably loaded automatically by a function of the variable pressures of the constituents prior to i to the air header burners to be controlled, separate conduitsers, a governor device for controlling the' the proportions.

stituents.

the admixture thereof, such arrangement being useful in operation with gases such as blue water gas, mixtures of which are difficult to work with due to the high rate of combustion and consequently difficulty in preventing lighting back. As shown in Fig. 6, the pipe G has a branch R connected A, said branch-being controlled by an obturator S.

From the foregoing it will be understood that, with the adoption of the arrangements described, a burner or group of burners may be cut in or cut out at will without interference with the automatic regulation. of

Characteristic of the present invention is the feature that the adjustment .of the quality of the mixture fedito the burners is obtained by varying the loading of the governor manually instead of by shiftin 3 manually i the obturator at the outletof t e governor, as heretofore.

1. In combination with a group of gas for supply of the constituents tosaid burnpressure in one'of said conduits, said governor device including a diaphragm one side of which is actedon by the resultant of two forces automatically variable with variations in the pressures of the constituents avalve connected to said diaphragm and 1nterposed in one of said conduits andmanufor effecting variationally controlled means of one of-said forces in order to vary the proportions to be maintained of said con- 2. In combination with a group of gas burners, injectors for delivery ,of a mixture of constituents to said burners, one of said injectors serving as a master injector, separate conduits for supply of said constituents to said injectors, a governor device, including a diaphragmand a valve for controlling the pressure in.one of said'conduits, means for variably loading said diaphragm automatically by the resultant of twoforces automatically varying with the variable pressures of said constituents and acting on one' side of said diaphragm, one at least of which forces varies with the variable pressure in said master injector, and; manually'con trolled means for effecting variation of one of said forces.

3. In combination with a group of gas burners to be controlled, separate conduits for supply of the constitutents to ,said burners, a governor device, including a dia phragm and a valve for controlling the pressure of the constituent flowing through one of said conduits, means for controlling the supply of the constituent flowing through the other of said conduits, means for variably loading said diaphragm by the resultant of two forces automatically varying with 4. In combination with a group of gas burners to be controlled, separate conduits for supply of the constituents to the burners, a governor device for controlling the pressure in oneof said conduits, said governor device including a diaphragm and a valve, meansfor variably loading said diaphragm by two forces automatically varying with the variable pressures of the constituents and'acting on one'side of said diaphragm whereby to maintain desired proportions of the supplies of the constituents to the burners, manually controlled means for effecting variation of one of said forces in order to vary the proportions to-be main- V stained of such constituents, and manually operable means for intercalating variable resistance to the flow of said constitutents to individual burners. v

5. In combination with a group of gas burners, injectors for delivery ofa mixture of constituentsto said burners, one of said injectors serving as a master injector, separate conduits for supply of said constituents to said injectors, a governor device, including a diaphragmand a valve for controlling the pressure IIIOIIQ'OI said'conduits, means for variably loading said diaphragm by two forces automatically varying with the variable pressures of said constituents and acting on one side of said diaphragm, one, at least of which forces varies with the variable pressure in said master injector," manually controlled means for effecting variation ofone of said forces, and means including at least one valve for cutting in and out the supply to each injector. p

6. In combination with 93, group of gas burners, injectors for delivery of a mixture of constituents to said burners, one of said injectors serving as a master injector and including a suction chamber, separate con-.

duits for supply of said constituents to said in ectors, a governor device, including a diaphragm ,and a valve, for controlling the pressure of theconstituent flowing through;

one of said cond iits, a connection between a point of said suction chamberand oneside of said diaphragm, a connection between said point and a point \subject to pressure variable with the pressure of the other con stituent, and a 'manually' adjustable obturator in one of said connections.

7. In combination with a group of gas burners, injectors for "delivery ofia mixture of,constituents' to said burners, one of said injectors serving as a master injector and of saiddiaphragm, a'connection between said GEORGE KEITH;

including 'a suction chamber, separate conpoint and a point of the conduit traversed duits for suppiy of said constituents to said by the other constituent, and a manually 10 injectors, a governor device, including a' adjustable obturator in one of said connecdiaphragm and a valve, for controlling the tions. 4 1- v 5 pressure of the constituent flowing through c In testimony whereof I have signed 'my one of said conduits, a connection between name to this specification. 1

apoint of'said suction chamber and'one side 

